ISSN 1016-5169 | E-ISSN 1308-4488
Impact of lifestyle interventions on reducing dietary sodium intake and blood pressure in patients with hypertension: A randomized controlled trial [Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars]
Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2021; 49(2): 143-150 | DOI: 10.5543/tkda.2021.81669

Impact of lifestyle interventions on reducing dietary sodium intake and blood pressure in patients with hypertension: A randomized controlled trial

Shams Aldin Shamsi, Mahsa Salehzadeh, Haleh Ghavami, Rasool Gharaaghaji Asl, Kamal Khadem Vatani
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran


OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to determine the impact of applying lifestyle intervention in the form of a continuous care model (CCM) on reducing dietary sodium intake and blood pressure (BP) in patients with hypertension.

METHODS
This randomized controlled trial was conducted in a 2-group design on a total of 50 patients who were hypertensive (experimental and control) as a pre‒post test study. A healthy lifestyle (emphasizing physical activity and heart-healthy diet) in the form of CCM, which considers the patient as an active agent in the health process, was conducted in the experimental group over a period of 4 months. The mean BP value and dietary sodium intake in both groups were measured at the beginning and the end of the study.

RESULTS
The mean sodium intake, the mean systolic BP, and the mean diastolic BP decreased to 2.42±0.73 mm Hg (from 3.12±0.79), 128.4±13.04 mm Hg (from 144.20±13.12), and 79.4±8.93 mm Hg (from 89±9.12), respectively, after the intervention in the experimental group (p=0.021, p<0.001, and p=0.011, respectively).

CONCLUSION
Applying lifestyle intervention in the form of CCM may be recommended to reduce dietary sodium intake and mean systolic and diastolic BP in patients who are hypertensive. Considering the fact that lifestyle modifications are quite important regardless of the use of antihypertensive drugs, lifestyle intervention in the form of CCM is recommended to improve patient’s adherence to dietary restrictions and consequently, treatment outcomes in patients who are hypertensive.

Keywords: blood pressure, diet, hypertension, lifestyle, physical activity, sodium intake

Corresponding Author: Haleh Ghavami, Iran
Manuscript Language: English
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