Bendopnea Predicts Right Ventricular Energy Failure in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension

OBJECTIVE
The development of right ventricular failure has a significant adverse prognostic impact on the course of pulmonary hypertension. Right ventricular energy failure has been shown to double the mortality of pulmonary hypertension even after correction for many established risk predictors. We hypothesize that bendopnea may indicate right ventricular energy failure in patients with pulmonary hypertension.


METHODS
We prospectively enrolled patients with pulmonary hypertension who were admitted to our pulmonary hypertension outpatient clinic between January 2021 and June 2021. Bendopnea was assessed by asking patients to bend forward and report any shortness of breath within 30 seconds. Routine physical examination, laboratory tests, echocardiography, and right heart catheterization parameters were collected.


RESULTS
A total of 167 patients were enrolled into the study. Bendopnea and right ventricular energy failure was present in 79 (47.3%) and 43 (25.7%) patients, respectively. Bendopnea accurately predicted the presence of right ventricular energy failure (area under the curve, 0.667; 95% CI, 0.574-0.760; P < 0.001) and had a significantly superior diagnostic power compared with many other symptoms and signs.


CONCLUSIONS
Our study shows that bendopnea predicts right ventricular energy failure in patients with pulmonary hypertension and can be added to our physical examination armamentarium as an easy, rapid, and noninvasive prognostic tool.