The Association of SYNTAX and Mehran Scores with Inflammation in Patients with Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Secondary to Acute Coronary Syndrome

OBJECTIVE
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is the third most common cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure. The increased use of contrast material in diagnostic and interventional cardiac catheterization procedures has made CIN a frequently encountered problem in clinical cardiology practice. Our study aims to understand the role of inflammatory biomarkers in patients developing CIN and to evaluate the relationship of inflammation with the Mehran Score (MRS) and SYNTAX (SYNERGY Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery) Score (SS).


METHODS
The study was conducted retrospectively, including a total of 2,161 patients who presented to the cardiology clinic with acute coronary syndrome-unstable angina (USAP), Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI), and ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Patients were divided into three groups: USAP (n = 477), NSTEMI (n = 612), and STEMI (n = 604). The relationship between the Pan-Immune Inflammation Value (PIV) and MRS and SS was evaluated.


RESULTS
In patients developing CIN, the intergroup (USAP, NSTEMI, and STEMI) evaluation showed that PIV (1925.24 [794.93 - 8412.79] vs. 2178 [1016.06 - 3273.56] vs. 2262.97 [1076.97 - 4384.98], respectively), MRS (6.74 ± 1.91 vs. 7.43 ± 3.99 vs. 7.6 ± 3.08, respectively), and SS (33.57 ± 21.32 vs. 35.36 ± 9.97 vs. 36.19 ± 11.57, respectively) values were higher in the STEMI group than in the other two groups. A correlation was detected between PIV, MRS, and SS in all groups.


CONCLUSION
Pan-Immune Inflammation Value was elevated in patients who developed CIN after acute coronary syndrome. It also correlated with the MRS and SS, suggesting that due to its affordability and ease of assessment PIV can be a valuable biomarker for the follow-up of CIN in this patient group.