Polymorphisms of F2 (G20210A), F5 (G1691A), F 7 (G10976A), F 13(G13T), FGB, ITGA2, ITGB3, PAI-I genes and its association with thrombotic complications in patients suffering from Takayasu aortoarteritis of Urals population

OBJECTIVE
Cardiovascular complications, especially thrombotic events, are characteristic for Takayasu arteritis (TA). These events significantly deteriorate the patients’ quality of life and cause disability and preterm death. Coagulation factor II (F2, G20210A), coagulation factor V (F5, G1691A, Leiden), coagulation factor VII (F7, G10976A), coagulation factor XIII (F13, G13T), fibrinogen (FGB), platelet alpha subunit of transmembrane receptor for collagens and related proteins (ITGA2), platelet glycoprotein (ITGB3), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-I) gene polymorphisms coexist with TA, and their pathophysiologic interaction needs to be studied.

METHODS
A total of 43 patients with TA were examined for nucleotides polymorphism in F2 (G20210A), F5 (G1691A, Leiden), F7 (G10976A), F13 (G13T), FGB, ITGA2, ITGB3, and PAI-I genes using polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, 130 sex- and age-adjusted healthy controls without a history of any thrombotic complications were enrolled.

RESULTS
Among the patients with TA, there were 34 women aged between 17 and 77 (mean 49, median 49; Q1-Q3, 36-61) years and 9 men aged between 20 and 66 (mean 37.8, median 38; Q1-Q3: 31-45) years. Thrombotic complications were recorded in 22 (51%) patients with TA. Comparison of thrombophilia markers genotypes in patients with TA and healthy controls revealed homozygous and heterozygous mutation in ITGA2 (p<0.0001) and PAI-I genes (p=0.026). The frequency of occurrence of hereditary thrombophilia markers in patients with TA was assessed. Detection of the PAI-I gene mutation was significantly more frequent (p=0.032) in patients with TA with a history of thrombotic events than in those with no thrombosis history. Detection of multiple (more than 4 genes) simultaneous mutations of thrombophilia markers was significantly (p=0.0001) more frequent in patients with TA with a history of thrombotic events.

CONCLUSION
Assessment of hereditary thrombophilia genetic markers reveals additional (genetic) risk markers of thrombotic complications in patients with TA and may help in decision making for antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant treatment in patients with TA to reduce the risk of thrombotic complications.