Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2013; 41(4): 275-281 | DOI: 10.5543/tkda.2013.99896

Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and the burden of atherosclerosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Mustafa Duran¹, Onur Kadir Uysal¹, Yücel Yılmaz¹, Özgür Günebakmaz², Hüseyin Arınç¹, Ramazan Topsakal³, Namık Kemal Eryol³, Ali Ergin³, Abdurrahman Oğuzhan³, Mehmet Güngör Kaya^3
1Department of Cardiology, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
²Department of Cardiology, Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
³Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey

OBJECTIVES
We evaluated the relationship between serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels and the burden of atherosclerosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

STUDY DESIGN
This study involved 180 patients (139 male, 41 female; mean age 63±11 years) with the diagnosis of ACS (non- ST elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina) who underwent coronary angiography on the first day after hospital admission. The burden of atherosclerosis was assessed by the number of involved vessels, and the Gensini and Syntax scores. Serum GGT levels were measured by enzymatic caloric test.

RESULTS
Patients with high Syntax scores (≥33) were more frequently diabetic, hypertensive, and had higher GGT and creatinine levels compared to the patients with low Syntax scores (≤23). Similarly, patients with ≥3 diseased vessels were more frequently diabetic, hypertensive, and smokers. In addition, these patients were older and had higher serum glucose, urea and GGT levels. Correlation analysis revealed that the level of GGT was significantly associated with Gensini and Syntax scores, number of diseased vessels, and the number of critical lesions (r=0.378 p<0.001, r=0.301 p<0.001, r=0.159 p=0.036, r=0.355 p<0.001, respectively). Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that increased GGT level was an independent risk factor for high Gensini and Syntax scores (p=0.029 and p=0.035, respectively), together with age (p=0.001 and p=0.002, respectively) and serum glucose levels (p=0.017 and p=0.012, respectively).

CONCLUSION
Serum GGT levels on admission are associated with increased burden of atherosclerosis in patients with ACS. This may account for the cardiovascular outcomes associated with increased GGT levels.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome, atherosclerosis; biological markers/blood; coronary artery disease; hypertension/blood; multivariate analysis; gamma-glutamyltransferase/blood.

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