C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio Predicts In-hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Heart Failure

OBJECTIVE
Acute heart failure remains at high risk of mortality despite recent advances in the management and treatment of heart failure. Recently, C-reactive protein to albumin ratio has been shown to predict all-cause mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. The association between C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and in-hospital mortality in patients with acute heart failure regardless of the left ventricular ejection fraction remains unknown.


METHODS
In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, we included 374 hospitalized patients with acute decompensated heart failure. We calculated C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and evaluated the relationship between the values and in-hospital mortality.


RESULTS
During hospitalization duration of 10 [6-17] days, need for hemodialysis/ultrafiltration, acute ischemic hepatitis, coagulopathy, ventricular tachycardia, invasive mechanical ventilation, and shock were more prevalent in the high C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (≥0.78) group compared to low C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (<0.78) group. Mortality was higher in the high C-reactive protein to albumin ratio group in comparison to the low C-reactive protein to albumin ratio group (36.7% vs. 12%; P < 0.001). C-reactive protein to albumin ratio was independently and significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (hazard ratio = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.02-2.82; P = 0.042) by multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis. In receiver operating characteristic analysis, C-reactive protein to albumin ratio was able to predict in-hospital mortality (area under the curve value for in-hospital mortality was 0.72; P < 0.001).


CONCLUSION
Admission C-reactive protein to albumin ratio was associated with increased all-cause mortality in hospitalized patients with acute decompensated heart failure.